Are Us Gambling Winnings Taxable In Canada
Las Vegas is one of the favorite destinations of foreign nationals visiting the USA. If the luck strikes, these foreign nationals can win thousands of dollars at casinos. Nonresident aliens or foreign nationals visit the USA for a short time so most of the time foreign nationals are confident about leaving the USA with the entire amount of gambling winnings. However, the IRS has its own set of rules. Nonresident alien might be subject to 30% tax on gambling winnings so it is essential to understand the IRS regulations in regards to gambling winnings tax.
In Canada, gambling winnings are generally free from taxation. The tax exempt status of gambling winnings comes from the longstanding principle in British law that the winnings of a person placing bets should not be taxed, while the winnings of a bookmaker are taxable.2 This principle has been codified in Canadian law by 40(2). If you live in the United States, you’re not exempt from taxes. Some people wrongly assume that they don’t have to pay because the money isn’t tracked. There’s no company filing tax papers with the U.S. Government, like you get with your wages. While that may be true, the IRS can still find that money. It’s in your bank account. Gambling Winnings Tax in Canada There is no gambling winnings tax in Canada if you are a recreational gambler. The Canadian Revenue Agency generally keeps its hands off any money earned through gambling. We use the term “generally” because there are exceptions to the rule. US Gambling Tax Recovery. Winning is exciting but no one wants to pay unnecessary taxes. Changes to the Canadian-US Income Tax Treaty have provided a means for Canadians to recover some of the taxes imposed on US gambling winnings. The good news is that in Canada, your winnings are usually tax-free!
This is an email from one of our clients, a foreign national visiting the USA. “I visited the USA in 2012 for 1 month. Specifically, I was in Las Vegas and won $200,000 at the casino. I cannot even describe how happy I was. However, the casino refused to pay me the entire amount of gambling winning. Moreover, I was assessed 30% gambling winnings tax. I will appreciate if you can clarify whether I can claim this money back. I do not think that gambling winnings tax was legitimate in my case.”
The above situation is quite common. Casinos follow the IRS guidelines, however, there are several ways to avoid or to minimize gambling winnings tax on foreign nationals.
IRS Rules and Gambling Winnings Tax on Foreign Nationals
There are several scenarios that might happen.
Foreign Professional Gambler and Gambling Winnings Tax
Las Vegas is famous for hosting professional poker tournaments and other gambling events. Consequently, foreign professional gamblers can win millions of dollars by participating in these events. If foreign nationals or nonresident aliens are engaged in a US trade or business at any time during the year, then they are taxed at regular US rates. Moreover, the US net taxable income is calculated as a difference between US gross income and all applicable deductions. Pending particular circumstances, these foreign professional gamblers will fall into the category “engaged in a US business”. As a result of it, they will not be subject to 30% withholding gambling winnings tax. However, each situation is unique so it is important to analyze specific circumstances.
Are Us Gambling Winnings Taxable In Canada Compared
A taxpayer can be treated as engaged in a US trade or business if their activities in the US are continuous, regular and substantial rather than sporadic or isolated. If it is considered from the context of gambling, this would mean that the non-resident alien (NRA) is inside of the US often enough to be treated as engaged in gambling activity on a regular basis. The NRA would also have to be in the US long enough to be treated as a resident, and subject to the US tax on worldwide income. This fact is determined by using the substantial presence test, where your physical presence inside of the US is evaluated over a 3 year period.
It may also be possible to obtain the professional gambler status if you were in the US only a few times in the year, if the gambling activity involved a significant amount of money. In this circumstance the quality of the type of gambling could outweigh the quantity, allowing you to be considered a professional gambler for US tax purposes.
Your ability to be able to file a tax return as a professional gambler will make a significant difference in the outcome of your tax due. Winnings can be be offset by your losses, and the net gains are taxed at a graduated tax rate. At the graduated rate you may find that the tax rate imposed is substantially less than the 30% rate imposed by the withholding system. Whether or not you are able to receive this financial benefit on your tax return will depend on how the facts submitted to the IRS are interpreted. So a proper guidance from an expat tax CPA is suggested.
Foreign Nationals and 30% Withholding Gambling Winnings Tax
Foreign nationals with US gambling winnings by accident face a different story. These foreign nationals will be subject to 30% income tax rate or lower tax treaty rate because this income is not effectively connected with US trade or business. Some types of gambling winnings are exempt from this tax. Per the IRS regulations the list includes the following games: blackjack, craps, baccarat, roulette or big six wheel.
Foreign Nationals, Tax on Gambling Winnings and US Tax Treaties
The USA signed an income tax treaty with various countries. Several of these income tax treaties have a provision for the gambling income.
There are select countries which have a tax treaty with the United States (US) that will reduce the 30% withholding tax on gambling proceeds. If you are a resident of one these treaty countries, you only need to present a form to the casino that will prevent any withholding tax from being applied.
The nationals of the following countries are exempt from US income tax on gambling winnings.
- Austria
- Belgium, Bulgaria
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Finland, France
- Germany
- Hungary
- Iceland, Ireland, Italy
- Japan
- Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg
- Netherlands
- Russia
- Slovak Republic, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden
- Tunisia, Turkey
- Ukraine, and the United Kingdom
The form that you need to present is W8-BEN. This form will assist you in claiming the treaty benefits along with your Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN).
Are Us Gambling Winnings Taxable In Canada 2020
If a a tax was withheld on your gambling earnings, you do have the option of filing a US tax return and request the IRS for a refund. In order to do so, you will need to file Form 1040-NR, once the tax year has been completed.
How to claim a tax treaty rate on gambling winnings of foreign nationals?
Foreign nationals must file the IRS Form 1040NR to claim a tax treaty rate and to minimize the amount of gambling winnings tax. Some other countries have a lower tax treaty on gambling winnings too.
Conclusion
Foreign nationals with gambling winnings are suggested to contact an expat tax CPA that specializes in working with nonresidents with US interests. There are several ways to minimize US gambling winnings tax so it is important to review each individual situation with an expert. International tax experts at Artio Partners are pleased to assist foreign nationals with US interests.